Reference table

Battery capacity: mAh and Wh

Milliampere hours measure charge, watt hours measure energy. They are linked only through voltage: Wh = Ah × volts. That is why two batteries with identical mAh are not automatically equal in size.

Battery capacity: mAh and Wh
Charge (mAh)Charge (Ah)Energy at 3.7 VEnergy at 5 VEnergy at 12 V
5000.5 Ah0.0037 Wh0.005 Wh0.012 Wh
1,0001 Ah0.0037 Wh0.005 Wh0.012 Wh
2,0002 Ah0.0037 Wh0.005 Wh0.012 Wh
3,0003 Ah0.0037 Wh0.005 Wh0.012 Wh
5,0005 Ah0.0037 Wh0.005 Wh0.012 Wh
10,00010 Ah0.0037 Wh0.005 Wh0.012 Wh
20,00020 Ah0.0037 Wh0.005 Wh0.012 Wh

The voltages are typical nominal values, not measurements: lithium-ion cells usually sit at 3.6 to 3.7 V, USB at 5 V, vehicle systems at 12 V. The actual value depends on cell chemistry and state of charge, so a Wh figure is only meaningful together with its voltage. Energy in Wh is the more robust basis for comparison than mAh.

Sources

BIPM SI BrochureSI base units, prefixes and official SI context.NIST Guide to SI Appendix BNIST conversion-factor method and non-SI factors.

Matching conversions