Reference table

Astronomical distances

Astronomical unit, light-year and parsec all describe a length, just in very different steps. The table shows one unit of each in all the others.

Astronomical distances
1 unitKilometresAstronomical unitsLight-yearsParsecsLight-seconds
1 ls299,792.458 km0.00200399 AE3.168809e-8 Lj9.715612e-9 pc1 ls
1 AE149,597,870.69999999 km1 AE0.00001581 Lj0.00000485 pc499.00478384 ls
1 Lj9,460,730,472,580.80078125 km63,241.07708427 AE1 Lj0.30660139 pc31,557,600 ls
1 pc30,856,775,814,913.671875 km206,264.8062471 AE3.26156378 Lj1 pc102,927,125.05433899 ls

The light-year is the distance light travels in vacuum in one Julian year (365.25 days), not a measure of time. The parsec is the distance at which the Earth's orbital radius subtends one arcsecond; it is about 3.26 light-years. All three are defined by exact constants rather than measurements.

Sources

IAU 2015 Resolution B2Defining constants for the astronomical unit, parsec and light-year.NIST CODATA fundamental physical constantsExact defining constants such as the speed of light in vacuum.

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